Installing Code::Blocks from source on Linux
These are instructions on how to build Code::Blocks under Linux. These instructions should work for all Linux distros, as we'll be installing from sources.
Prerequisites
In order to successfully compile Code::Blocks, the wxWidgets User Interface library must be installed. For most Linux users, this is maybe the only dependency not already installed. wxWidget can be used directly on top of the X server, in this case the variant of the wxWidget library is called wxX11. However this library is sub-par compared to other toolkits and unstable. Hence Code::Blocks uses wxGTK, the version of wxWidget based on GTK+. The exact requirement is libwxGTK-2.8.0 or later (2.8.3 is not recommended because of some troubles). This creates an additional dependency on GTK+, consider the following:
A possible implementation which does not exist:
Code::Blocks -> wxWidgets (libwxX11) -> X
Current Code::Blocks implementation:
Code::Blocks -> wxWidgets (> libwxGTK2.8) -> GTK+ (> libgtk-x11-2.0) -> X
This document helps you to install libwxGTK if necessary but does not cover the installation of GTK+. GTK+ is probably installed on your Linux anyway, so don't worry ;)
Note: All the instructions below, assume an existing directory named ~/devel. If you 'll be using a different one, adjust the path to match.
As a first step create this directory:
mkdir ~/devel
Checking the presence of GTK+ library
Have a look in /usr/lib ( /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu for 64 bits) for something like "libgtk-x11-2.0.so" (Note the library must be 2.0 minimum). Alternatively, do a search with your package manager or go to your Linux distribution forum for help. If you don't want to loose time, you can even forget this check since there is a good probability that everything is already installed.
Library wxGTK installation
Checking the presence of libwxGTK library
In your package manager, look for 'libwxgtk' keyword and verify that all libwxgtk2.8 stuffs are installed. If you find the libraries uninstalled, just install them and go directly to Code::Blocks installation.
Alternatively you can do the same in the command line (the following is an example, there may be more than two packages):
$ ls /usr/lib/libwx_gtk* //to verify the presence $ sudo apt-get install libwxgtk2.8-dev $ sudo apt-get install libwxgtk2.8-0
If you don't find any packages you must install the library from source as described below, and you can redo this check afterwards to verify that the installation worked correctly.
Note for Debian and Ubuntu users: You can use
$ update-alternatives --config wx-config
to see which version of libwx is there or not and currently active.
And, Debian and Ubuntu user can use this to add a value to the list of choices
$ update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/wx-config wx-config /opt/wx/2.8/bin/wx-config 50
Getting wxGTK sources
Visit the wxWidgets web site. Click the "Download" button at the top of the page. Under wxWidgets 2.8.7 downloads, select wxGTK. Save the file in ~/devel. After the download finishes, switch to ~/devel:
cd ~/devel
Now, untar the wxGTK sources:
tar zxf wxGTK-2.8.7.tar.gz
Switch to the wxGTK directory:
cd wxGTK-2.8.7
Building wxWidgets
Here we will create a separate build directory instead of building from the src directory, so that we can easily rebuild with different options (unicode / ansi, monolithic / many libs, etc).
The documentation says the default is for gtk2 to use unicode and wx > 2.5 to build as a monolithic library. This doesn't appear to be the case, so these flags are passed to configure:
mkdir build_gtk2_shared_monolithic_unicode
cd build_gtk2_shared_monolithic_unicode
../configure --prefix=/opt/wx/2.8 \
--enable-xrc \
--enable-monolithic \
--enable-unicode
make
su
make install
exit
Add /opt/wx/2.8/bin to the PATH (if your shell is bash then edit /etc/profile or ~/.bash_profile) (On Suse 10.1 edit /etc/profile.local, it will only be available after a new login). An example PATH:
export PATH=/usr/bin:/opt/wx/2.8/bin:$PATH
Add /opt/wx/2.8/lib to /etc/ld.so.conf (nano /etc/ld.so.conf), then run:
ldconfig source /etc/profile
That's it. Now the linker will look in /opt/wx/2.8/lib for wx libraries and you will have a monolithic shared library unicode build.
To check that things are working, type:
wx-config --prefix
which should give you /opt/wx/2.8
wx-config --libs
which should have at least:
-L/opt/wx/2.8/lib -lwx_gtk2-2.8
but can contain other flags as well.
which wx-config
should return /opt/wx/2.8/bin/wx-config
Code::Blocks installation
Getting Code::Blocks sources
You can get Code::Blocks source code from the website as a tarball or from the SVN repository (this second method is described below).
From SVN repository
NOTICE: The SourceForge CVS is no longer used although it still exists.
Enter your development directory:
cd ~/devel
Then checkout the source using one of these methods. This will create the directory trunk. Change to the source code directory, by issuing the following command:
cd trunk
If you are a Gentoo user at this point, please see Compiling_Code::Blocks_in_Gentoo.
Before beginning, it is often a good idea to check you have recent versions of autoconf and automake - repositories versions are not always recent enough. (if you do not have automake, then you will get "cannot find aclocal" error). If you're compiling the svn trunk versions of CodeBlocks (or future versions) then the unix build has switched to autotools. So first build wxWidgets as described above and then build CodeBlocks. In short, these commands build Code::Blocks from sources and installs it:
./bootstrap ./configure make make install
The long story is as follows: First run:
./bootstrap
This sets up the configure script and its dependencies. It only needs to be run once (after downloading the source from svn).
If you get errors like (...):
./bootstrap: libtoolize: not found
...then install the "libtool" package using your package manager.
./bootstrap: 64: ./bootstrap: aclocal: not found
...then the "autoconf" and "automake" package using your package manager.
bad interpreter: File not found
...then there exists a problem with DOS line-endings, for example if you cross compile to a Windows partition. Simply check-out a fresh copy of CodeBlocks from SVN.
Or, instead of downloading from SVN, you might consider using the little command line tool dos2unix, which normally comes with most distributions.
(".infig.status: error: cannot find input file: Makefile")
...(configure aborts with some unspecific error messagelike that), then you might consider also running dos2unix bootstrap acinclude.m4 codeblocks.pc.in configure.in Makefile.am before running bootstrap. Once you've run the bootstrap script, jump to next step.
aclocal:configure.in:61: warning: macro `AM_OPTIONS_WXCONFIG' not found in library
...then aclocal is having trouble finding the wxWidgets .m4 files. You can do one of two things: To just get bootstrap to find the path this time do:
export ACLOCAL_FLAGS="-I `wx-config --prefix`/share/aclocal"
To change the aclocal search path more permanently do:
echo `wx-config --prefix`/share/aclocal >> /usr/share/aclocal/dirlist
Then aclocal will also search somewhere like /opt/wx/2.8/share/aclocal
Note for Ubuntu users: The above is not the correct way to fix the AM_* errors. Rather, you only need to install the package named "wx-common" (Universe repository).
The usual way to define `LIBTOOL' is to add `AC_PROG_LIBTOOL'
...then this can be solved by something like:
ACLOCAL_FLAGS="-I /usr/share/aclocal" ./bootstrap
(...maybe adopting the path, so use `wx-config --prefix` is necessary.)
Installing Code::Blocks sources
You can read the BUILD file included in the source, but everything is very straightforward. Do:
./configure make make install
You may need to run make install with super user rights, in that case use:
sudo make install
...for the last step.
If you have multiple versions of wxWidgets installed or kept them in place, you can use:
./configure --with-wx-config=/path/to/wx-config
Note: The Nassi Shneiderman plugin (part of the contrib plugins) has a dependency on boost which is needed to compile this plugin. Boost does not need to be compiled therefore. It is not checked for the existing of boost at the moment (except for debian build-system, there it is a build-dependency), so if you configure C::B to be build without Nassi Schneiderman, it should not lead to problems in case you don't have/want boost.
To uninstall you can later run:
make uninstall
If you want to recompile everything, first run:
make clean make distclean make clean-bin make clean-zipfiles
and then follow the above sequence for installing.
By default, CodeBlocks will install to /usr/local. If you want it in its own tree (so you can have multiple versions of CodeBlocks, each in its own subdirectory of /opt) replace the above ./configure command with:
./configure --prefix=/opt/codeblocks-svn
or similar. Then you can later install a different build like:
./configure --prefix=/opt/codeblocks2-svn
followed by 'make && make install' as usual.
By default, CodeBlocks will not compile the contributed plugins from SVN. If you want to compile / install them too, replace the above ./configure command with:
./configure --with-contrib-plugins=all
followed by 'make && make install' as usual.
To see a list of other options available for configuring the build of CodeBlocks do:
./configure --help
To compile under Gentoo, use:
./configure --with-wx-config=wx-config-2.8
Resolving runtime issues
When running Code::Blocks after the installation it might happen, that the system complains:
codeblocks: error while loading shared libraries: libcodeblocks.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
In that case make sure the library path where the Code::Blocks libraries where installed into is "known" to the system. For example: On Ubuntu using a default build process on a clean system will install the Code::Blocks executables to /use/local/bin and the libraries to /usr/local/lib. The latter is usually not known to a "clean" Ubuntu system. To add it to the search path for libraries do the following (as root / using sudo respectively): Add the following line to the file /etc/ld.so.conf:
/usr/local/lib
...and run:
ldconfig
That's it - Code::Blocks should now work just fine as all libraries are being found.
Note that for both you may need super user rights again - so use the sudo command as needed.
